THE INTRODUCTION OF FRENCH VOCABULARY INTO ENGLISH TEXTS: HISTORICAL FORMATION, LINGUISTIC MECHANISMS AND MODERN TRANSFORMATIONS

Abstract

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the process of the introduction of French vocabulary into English texts from a historical, structural, semantic and sociolinguistic perspective. The main goal of the study is to identify the mechanisms of assimilation of French lexical units into English, classify their historical layers and assess the functional and stylistic role they play in modern English writing. The results of the study show that since the Norman Conquest in 1066, French has been deeply integrated into the lexical system of English, and this process continues to be actively pursued in the era of globalization. French borrowings have served to enrich and complicate the English language through direct borrowing, adaptation, code-switching, semantic expansion, terminological integration and stylistic centralization.