“STRUCTURAL AND COMPOSITIONAL FEATURES OF SIMILES USED IN ALISHER NAVOI’S EPIC FARHOD AND SHIRIN”

Abstract

This article analyzes the structural and compositional features of similes used in Alisher Navoi’s epic Farhod and Shirin. The study examines the formal structure of these similes, their functional role within the literary text, and their contribution to revealing the characters’ traits. Special attention is given to the structure of the three-component similes (tenor + comparative marker + vehicle) and the four-component similes (tenor + descriptive basis/feature + comparative marker + vehicle) found both in the epic and in its translation. These structural types are explained in terms of their significance in ensuring compositional harmony, enriching the system of imagery, and intensifying the dynamics of the narrative. As a result, the study reveals Navoi’s distinctive style in employing similes, along with their semantic layers and aesthetic functions.